Since 2022, Russian Kalibr missiles, frequently used in attacks against Ukraine, have undergone two major modifications. Recent analyses reveal that these missiles now feature cluster munitions and have reverted to using imported electronics after an unsuccessful attempt to rely solely on domestic components.
This information comes from a report by military engineers and scientists from Ukraine’s Ministry of Defense, which examined downed Kalibr missiles. According to their findings, the warheads of the Kalibr missiles deployed by Russia from 2022 until early 2026 were primarily high-explosive fragmentation types. However, a notable change occurred this year, as spring interceptions revealed the introduction of cluster munitions for the first time.
“The enemy has made this adjustment to increase the area of impact and to target dispersed objectives,” the Ministry of Defense stated.
Additionally, between 2023 and 2024, Russia gradually shifted towards using domestic components in the production of these missiles. However, an examination of a downed missile from 2025 indicated a return to imported electronic parts. Experts suggest that the initial transition to domestic electronics may have compromised targeting accuracy, prompting manufacturers to revert to previously reliable systems.
Furthermore, the Ministry of Defense has identified all manufacturers of electronics used in the Kalibr missiles, along with key designers and managers involved in their production. This information is being compiled for further action under existing sanctions policies.
Recent analysis reveals significant modifications to Russia's Kalibr missiles, including the introduction of cluster munitions and a return to imported electronics. These changes reflect ongoing challenges in missile production and targeting accuracy amid the conflict with Ukraine.