“Your own apartment is a dream for many Ukrainians. The State Program “Eosel” promises to make it more real. However, many Ukrainians face refusals when receiving a mortgage, which casts doubt on its real efficiency.”, – WRITE: www.unian.ua
The State Mortgage Program “Esosel” has been in force since 2022 and allows certain categories of citizens to take loans at lower interest. The most favorable conditions are for teachers, scientists, health workers and military. These categories of citizens can receive a loan for up to 20 years at 3%.
For other categories (war veterans and their families, combatants, persons with disabilities as a result of war, families of fallen defenders, internally displaced persons, citizens without their own housing or with a small living space) is 7%.
At the same time, from the eleventh year of the mortgage, the cost of the loan increases: preferential 3% turn into 6%, and 7% – by 10%.
The program limits not only the interest rate, but also the parameters of the home. For the preferential group, the age of the house should be no older than 20 years, for others – not older than 3 years. Which gives grounds for skeptics to declare that the purpose of the program is to support developers who sell housing at an inadequate (in martial law) price.
There are also limits on the area. One person is allowed no more than 52.5 square meters of apartment plus 21 square meters for each subsequent family member additionally (husband/wife, children). For homes – no more than 62.5 square meters per person.
According to the organization “Ukrfinzhitlo”, which acts as a coordinator of this state program, in three years, “Josele” managed to use 20 thousand Ukrainian families who purchased housing totaling almost UAH 35 billion. The program is most popular with military and law enforcement (51%). The following is the category of citizens who do not own housing at all – 26%, doctors – 8%, teachers – 7%, internally displaced persons – 4%, as well as veterans and scientists – 2%.
However, not all people can take advantage of the Yoseli mortgage, even if they fit all the criteria. They even refuse to the military.
“Housing wanted to buy near Kiev, already chose an apartment and filed all the documents for” Radabank “, waited for the committee meeting and received a refusal. As I was explained, the bank has a department of risks. And in our case he did not miss, because I and the man – the military. They see this very much risks, ” – shares with UNIAN his experience of military personnel Valeria.
According to her, a similar story also happened to an officer from their brigade, who, as an internally displaced person, applied for participation in “Esosel” through “action”. She found an apartment, collected a large package of documents, but the bank refused, as the guarantors were only a man and parents who also serve in the Armed Forces.
And such cases are not isolated.
“Kabala” or investment in the futureAs of the end of the summer, the most popular among Ukrainians was the “secondary”, which issued about 11 thousand loans, or 60% of the total segment. Most Ukrainians were looking for one-room apartments in Kyiv, Lviv, Kharkiv, Poltava, Uzhgorod and Ivano-Frankivsk.
But how is the cost of housing on the “esosel”? But how much do monthly contributions on the program are comparable to rent?
The most popular among Ukrainians was the “secondary” / photo ua.depositphotos.comAccording to PrivatBank’s calculations, if a person takes a housing worth UAH 2 million in a mortgage for a period of 20 years, the advance contribution will be 400 thousand hryvnias (20% of the total cost of housing). In addition, the borrower, together with the first contribution, should incur additional expenses: notary services, insurance, housing assessment, etc. They depend on the amount of the loan, but in this case, according to the bank estimates, it will be approximately 41.5 thousand hryvnias.
Monthly payments, in turn, will be about 8.9 thousand hryvnias – for preferential categories of the population (at 3%), and UAH 12.5 thousand – for the rest (at 7%), the bank’s website said. However, it should be borne in mind that after ten years of mortgage, the bet will increase, which will pull up and the amount of payments.
For comparison, according to the moon, the average cost of renting a one -bedroom apartment in Kiev is about 18 thousand hryvnias a month. Therefore, monthly payments for the mortgage may be more profitable than rent. However, this is true only if you have a savings for the first payment with additional costs.
However, these are indicative numbers. In addition, it is necessary to add taxes to the cost of housing, which, according to the President of the Association of Real Estate of Ukraine Elena Gaydamakh, often lie on the shoulders of buyers.
“Owners do not want to pay them, and they either take it into the total cost of the apartment, or openly speak about these taxes to buyers, or divide in half. This is a level 12% of the total amount. Of which 5% are income tax, 5% is a military fee, as well as a state -owned one, and For $ 112,000.
At the same time, not everything is smooth and with the Yosel program itself.
Program problemsElena Gaydamakha notes that recently the state program has actually slowed down. There are several reasons for this, but the main one is a limited supply of housing.
“Previously, it was possible to buy housing in large cities under 10 years, and outside the city – up to 55 years. This made it possible to buy on the secondary market under this state program. And last year the rules changed, and now it is allowed to buy only new buildings under three years of age. In a UNIAN comment.
According to her, it is one of the key narrowing of the program that repels a large part of potential buyers and makes many stay in rented housing.
“For example, in Vinnitsa, many new buildings are being built. There are many new buildings in Ivano -Frankivsk, but the vast majority – without decoration. Accordingly, people who move, have no money to spend them on repair. Or simply have no time, because in order to make more or less renovation of 50 square meters. Stay, “says Haidamah.
Restricted offer, In turn, it pushes prices upwards even the remaining options.
“The choice of housing under the age of three is becoming smaller, and the prices are just going off for those apartments on the market,” the expert notes.
In addition, experts pay attention to other problems – including bureaucratic obstacles and rigid selection criteria for the loan.
Limited offer pushes prices upwards even to those remaining / photo ua.depositphotos.comThus, the real estate market expert and the Explore of the Association of Real Estate Specialists (AFNU) Yuri Pita notes that sometimes money is received with a delay of up to 30 days. At this time, the borrower already has a approved decision, found an apartment, but the bank simply cannot pay.
“Sellers are not ready to wait for the month. Often during this time the selected object is already sold to another buyer,” Pita explains.
And such delays and uncertainty make “Eosel” unattractive already among sellers. Some of them immediately refuse potential buyers who want to buy their housing for the state mortgage. This further limits the already limited proposal of the program.
In addition to unstable funding, Pita calls another painful point – documents. Banks conduct meticulous inspections and can reject the application even when the agreement would be without problems with the usual purchase and sale. This is especially true of power of attorney or documents issued abroad.
The extension of the “Esoseli”However, even with existing problems, the government is constantly expanding the state program.
On September 10, a mechanism of compensation for internally displaced persons and residents of the frontlines began operating. It assumes that the state, for its part, will compensate for 70% of the first mortgage contribution, 70% of monthly payments during the first year of lending, as well as up to 40 thousand hryvnias – for related costs when registering a mortgage.
In addition, due to demographic problems, the program expands opportunities for large families. Yes, with each child a rate of loan on a home “Esosel” will be reduced, and from three children or more – families will be able to receive a free mortgage. However, the rates should yet be approved by the government.
According to the Prime Minister of Ukraine Yulia Sviridenko, “Eosel” not only helps families to get their own home, but also “stimulates the Ukrainian economy”.
“Every hryvnia, which the state has invested in the program, returns to the budget almost three hryvnias of taxes – thanks to the development of construction and production of building materials, the creation of new jobs,” – said the head of the government.
Experts of the real estate market also highly appreciate the potential of the program, despite some imperfections. Vitaliy Poberezky, the head of development of DIM.RIA products, believes that this year, Esosel will remain an important incentive for the market, especially in large cities.
Experts of the real estate market highly appreciate the potential of the program, despite some imperfections / photo UNIAN, Alexander Davidov”Demand from the priority categories of buyers will remain. If the list of developers and the number of objects that meet the conditions of the program,” Eosel “will continue to be an effective tool that not only helps Ukrainians to buy housing, but also stabilizes the real estate market,” he says.
At the same time, experts emphasize that changes are needed to improve the efficiency of the program. The current conditions of “Eoseli” limit the capabilities of many Ukrainians who seek to take advantage of preferential mortgage loans. In particular, it requires a review of the program funding and age -related restrictions on housing, which can be purchased within the state initiative.
“I think this program needs to be improved. It is still necessary to look at whether there will be enough money and increase the age of housing that people can buy. This is my wish to the state that forms these programs,” – says the president of the real estate of Ukraine Olena Gaidamah.
Tips to borrowersBefore using the state program “Eosel”, experts advise to be careful to the details and do not rush. The real estate market expert and the Explore of the Association of Real Estate of Ukraine Yuri Pita warns that, by making a preferential mortgage “Eosel”, it is important to really evaluate their financial capabilities.
And this warning is unfounded, because the light -hearted loans were the cause of the world financial crisis in 2008, when the “bubble” in the real estate market flashed in the United States.
“It is necessary to calculate your own forces to repay the loan. To be sure of your work in the coming years, if possible. It is desirable that both family members work, and the income was not close to the main loan, but with a stock, so as not to get into debt,” Pita explains.
He also advises to monitor the financing situation, as it happens that the apartment has already been selected, the documents are agreed, but there is no money from the bank temporarily.
In the OLX Real Estate press service, in turn, advise you to use special payments calculators that are available on loans.
“You can use the Eoseli calculators that are on the sites of the participating banks, and to calculate how much the loan you can calculate what additional payments will be,” – say UNIAN in the press service of the organization.
Similar recommendations are also made by the DIM.RIA Product Development Head Vitaliy Posberezky. But it emphasizes that the preparation of documents in advance is significantly accelerating the decision -making process.
“Prepare the documents in advance: this will accelerate the process of making a decision by the bank. Check all information about the real estate object: documents, seller, whether they correspond to the photo of the real object. Evaluate your financial capabilities: take into account not only the monthly payment, but also additional costs: repair, utilities, etc. Approval, ” – advises Poberezky.
It is necessary to check documents for ownership, developers and more. The solution may be the involvement of specialists who will help. But in the question of intermediaries, the opinions of experts were divided. The chairman of the Board of Ukrfinzhitlo, Yevgeny Metzger, is convinced that no brokers are required during the design of housing on the “Josele”.
“You do not need any brokers. You do not need to communicate with them if you do not need their help. We have a digital mortgage. You click one button in two minutes and get the answer. You just look for an apartment among those that fit under” Esosel “,” Metzger emphasizes.
Instead, Yuri Pita notes that an experienced realtor can save time and save a person from mistakes.
“The realtor is more aware of this program, knows the risks and nuances of documents, can tell you if the loan is not approved exactly. It allows you to find the object faster and not waste time,” the expert says.
He adds that the purchase of real estate is always more profitable than rent, because a mortgage is an investment in your own home, which eventually becomes your asset. He agrees to the President of the Association of Real Estate of Ukraine Olena Gaidamakha.
“I am 26 years old in real estate, and I do not remember any program that would be with such a percentage. Even 7% in UAH – this is, believe me, a very cool interest in order to buy my home,” Gaydamach advises.
Buying real estate is always more profitable than rent, because the mortgage / photo ua.depositphotos.comBut there is always a huge risk. If at some point this program ceases to exist, then the users of the “Eoseli” should be prepared that their preferential interest on the loan will turn into commercial.
“For some reason no one is concerned about this moment. Anything can happen. The state will say,” Everything, we don’t have money, we will not support this program. “The bank replied to me that then every person who received a loan will switch to a percentage Haidamach.
The Eosel State Program is similar to a quest with a not always predictable finale. For a large part of people, this program has indeed been a chance to escape from the rented housing and profitably buy a new, even in a full -scale war, and for someone – ended only in the turn of the bank, numerous certificates and lost agreements. And it remains only to hope that the program will not curl definitively, but will turn into a truly effective mechanism that will allow people to choose from a wide range of housing at the least cost, and the borrowers will not remain in a broken trough.
Dmitry Petrovsky